Technical specification

At LASERCUT we currently accept DXF files only — 2D vector drawings for flat, laser-cut parts. Support for other formats (STEP, DWG or 3D models) is planned, but for now please export your parts as DXF. We ensure the highest quality and processing speed by adhering to the following rules. The complete file-preparation requirements are in the design manual. You can upload your DXF files directly in the online configurator.

DXF is currently the only file format we accept. Usage: • Cuts without bends • Simple and fast burnouts • Mass production of parts Supported versions: • DXF R12 / R14 / 2000 / 2010

Must include: • 1:1 scale (no magnification/reduction) • Clean, closed contours (no gaps) • Layers named: CUT / ETCH / MARK • Sheet metal thickness specified in the file name or as text in the drawing Must not include: • Double lines • Polylines with splines (Spline → must be converted to Lines/Arcs) • Texts, dimensions, arrows in cutting layers • Blocks or groups with ambiguous direction • Open contours • Mixed contour directions (CW/CCW mix in one loop)

Recommended settings: • Line weight: 1.00 mm • Line type: Continuous • Arcs: tolerance ≤ 0.01 mm • All entities converted to Line + Arc • One part = one main contour (inner holes as individual loops)

Before production start, we check: • Closed contours • Collisions between holes and cutting paths • Minimum connection thicknesses • Minimum distance from edges (≥ 0.5 × thickness) • Legibility of small text/engraving (min. height 4 mm)

Minimum bridges between elements: • HR sheets: ≥ 1 × thickness • Stainless / Aluminum: ≥ 0.8 × thickness Minimum internal corners: • Recommended internal radius: ≥ 0.5 mm • For thick materials: ≥ 1 mm Gaps and wall widths: • Min. wall width: 1.0 mm for thin sheets • For thicknesses 10–20 mm: ≥ 2–3 mm Holes near edges: • Min. distance: ≥ 1.5 × sheet thickness Text – Laser Engraving: • Minimum font height: 4 mm • Minimum stroke thickness: 0.5 mm Long slender parts: • For aspect ratios > 1:15, we recommend micro-bridges and sequential cutting Consolidation of small features: • Avoid 0.2–0.5 mm gaps – they overheat quickly and deform.

High-volume (large-capacity) laser cutting means processing large sheet formats and large batches of parts while keeping the precision and clean edge of the fiber laser. Thanks to the large cutting bed and fully digital order processing, we cut oversized parts and large orders efficiently, in short lead times and with minimal material waste.

The maximum sheet size is 4000 × 2000 mm. Parts within this size receive an instant quote; for larger requirements, contact us. • Suited to oversized structural parts, frames, panels and large blanks • The fiber laser cuts steel, stainless, aluminium, copper and brass in thicknesses of approx. 0.5–60 mm • The large format lets us cut a big part in one piece, without splitting and welding

High-volume cutting is optimised for medium and large batches of identical parts. • Higher quantities lower the price per part • Stable quality and dimensional accuracy across the whole batch • Repeatability thanks to the stored cutting program • Continuous deliveries on the customer's schedule

We reach high throughput by combining a fast fiber laser with digital order processing. • Automatic nesting lays out parts on the sheet with minimal scrap • Cut-path optimisation shortens production time • Common-line cutting further reduces material consumption • Online order flow from DXF to dispatch with no delays

High-volume laser cutting is ideal when the customer needs: • Oversized parts up to a 4000 × 2000 mm format • Larger batches with a better price per piece • Fast delivery of a large volume of parts • Consistent edge quality suitable for welding, CNC machining and coating • Efficient material use and minimal waste

Laser-cut parts from LASERCUT are suitable for all standard welding processes: • MIG (GMAW) • MAG (CO₂ / mix) • TIG (GTAW) • Stainless + TIG / Pulse TIG • Aluminum – AC TIG Key is choosing the right cutting type (gas) and edge preparation before welding.

Lasers can cut with different gases. Each gas type affects: • Edge quality • Amount of oxides on the cut • Subsequent weldability and occurrence of pores

Mainly used for carbon steel. Advantages: • Fast penetration • Suitable for large thicknesses • High productivity Disadvantages for welding: • Oxide forms on the edge (FeO, Fe₂O₃) • Weld absorbs oxides → pores, impurities • Weaker direct TIG welding Recommendation: • Grind the edge before welding (flap discs, sandblasting) • Remove 0.2–0.5 mm of material layer • For critical welds, prefer N₂ cut over O₂ cut

Highest quality for welding. Advantages: • No oxidation • Clean, bright edge • Ideal for TIG, MIG, and MAG • Excellent for stainless, aluminum, and carbon steel Recommendation: • If the part is to be welded → N₂ is the preferred cutting method.

Used for aluminum, galvanized, and thin sheets. Advantages: • Fast and economical • Ideal for series production Disadvantages for welding: • Possible micro-burrs on the edge • Edge may be duller for aluminum Recommendation: • For aluminum: TIG AC usually does not require grinding • For steel: we recommend slight grinding of the weld contact zone

For carbon steel: • Always remove oxidation (if O₂ cut) • Recommended removal: 0.2–0.5 mm • For MIG/MAG, a flap disc is sufficient • For TIG → finer grinding (grain 80–120) For stainless steel: • Nitrogen cut → no need for aggressive grinding • Remove only micro-burrs • Do not use grinding discs contaminating Fe (corrosion risk) • Use stainless steel flap discs For aluminum: • Very small HAZ • TIG AC tolerates laser edges • Remove oil, dirt, and impurities – grinding usually not needed For Hardox and tool steels: • Edges have high hardness • Grinding before welding recommended • TIG/MAG with preheat 120–200 °C depending on material • For thick parts: remove 0.5–1 mm to prevent micro-cracks

Laser has: • Top Edge — cleaner • Bottom Edge — may have slight dross / taper Ideal for welding: • Top Edge = welded side • Bottom Edge can remain on the inside or less exposed side If directional tolerance is on the parts: • Edges can be marked by engraving: TOP / BOTTOM / WELD EDGE

Minimum edge width at weld: • ≥ 1 × sheet thickness (thin sheets) • ≥ 2 × sheet thickness (heavy structures) Minimum hole distance from welded edge: • ≥ 1.5 × sheet thickness For thick parts (10–40 mm): • Recommended mechanical edge preparation (bevelling, grinding) before welding

Material – O₂ cut / N₂ cut / Air cut – comment: • Carbon Steel: - O₂ cut: requires grinding - N₂ cut: ideal - Air cut: possible - Note: O₂ creates oxidation → treatment necessary • Stainless Steel: - O₂ cut: not preferred - N₂ cut: best - Air cut: possible - Note: always recommend N₂ for TIG welds • Aluminum: - O₂ cut: not used - N₂ cut: best - Air cut: very good - Note: Air is the most frequent choice, good price/quality ratio • Copper / Brass / Bronze: - O₂ cut: no - N₂ cut: only recommended - Air cut: no - Note: requires high edge purity • Galvanized Steel: - O₂ cut: forbidden - N₂ cut: very good - Air cut: very good, economical • Hardox / Wear-resistant sheets: - O₂ cut: possible - N₂ cut: best - Air cut: only for thin - Note: recommended preheat and correct edge treatment • Tool and Alloy Steels: - O₂ cut: possible, but carbide issues - N₂ cut: recommended - Air cut: no - Note: watch out for carbide structures during welding.

LASERCUT offers a complete package of services after laser cutting. The customer receives parts ready directly for assembly, welding, or painting, without the need for additional external processing.

After laser cutting, we perform: ✔ Deburring: • Removal of micro-burrs • Removal of edge dross (especially for thicknesses 10+ mm) ✔ Edge rounding: • R0.2 – R1.5 mm according to requirements • Suitable for parts before painting or powder coating • Improves paint adhesion and eliminates sharp edges ✔ Machine and manual grinding: • Grinding of edges and surfaces • Grain 60 / 80 / 120 / 240 depending on part type • Special brushing for stainless steel parts (brushed / satin finishes)

We can prepare parts for painting immediately after cutting. Surface preparation process: • Degreasing • Chemical cleaning • Passivation and conversion layers • Rinsing with demineralized water • Drying at 120–160 °C • Ionization and surface neutralization Advantages for the customer: • Zero contamination before painting • Excellent powder paint adhesion • High corrosion resistance (C3–C5 according to requirements)

✔ Scaling removal: • Especially for parts cut with oxygen (O₂), where FeO/Fe₂O₃ oxides form • We use abrasive flaps, brushing systems, and sandblasting/shot blasting as needed ✔ Sandblasting (shot blasting / sand blasting): • Ideal for steel structural parts • Preparation before painting or galvanizing • Surface unification ✔ Satin finish and stainless steel grinding: • Surface RA reduced up to ~0.8 μm • Suitable for kitchen, medical, and decorative parts

Manufacturing standard includes: • Chemical or ultrasonic degreasing (for smaller parts) • Passivation of stainless steel parts • Cleaning with acetate for aluminum and copper • Degreasing before welding • Preparation for assembly without oil or dust residues

We also offer: • Tapping (manual and machine) • Countersinking holes • Point markings and assembly tags • QR code / part number engraving • Drainage holes • Flange preparation and auxiliary assembly details

For series production, we can provide: • Pre-assembly of parts • Riveting, welding, bolting • Packing into kits • Component marking according to assembly drawings/positions

All parts pass through inspection according to the EHOSS QC internal system: Inspection points: • Measurement of dimensions according to drawing (1–20 points) • Edge and surface quality check • Part weighing (material/correctness verification) • Visual inspection with a light microscope (as needed) • Photo documentation for selected projects Available documentation: • Measurement Report • Quality Documentation – Level 1/2/3 • FAI – First Article Inspection • Material certificates EN 10204 / 2.1, 2.2, 3.1

Typical roughness Ra by gas: • N₂ (Nitrogen): - Ra 2–6 μm - Very clean, bright edge, no oxidation - Suitable for TIG welding, assembly, and aesthetic parts • Air (Compressed Air): - Ra 3–8 μm - Slightly dull edge, small micro-burrs - Suitable for aluminum, galvanized, economical cutting • O₂ (Oxygen): - Ra 6–12 μm - Oxidation, dark edge, visible layers - Suitable for thick steels, structural parts where aesthetics aren't priority

Typical Ra for thin vs. thick gauges: • Carbon Steel: - Thin: Ra 3–6 μm - Thick: Ra 6–12 μm • Stainless Steel: - Thin: Ra 2–4 μm - Thick: Ra 4–7 μm • Aluminum: - Thin: Ra 3–6 μm - Thick: Ra 5–10 μm • Copper / Brass / Bronze: - Thin: Ra 2–5 μm - Thick: Ra 5–8 μm • Galvanized Steel: - Thin: Ra 3–6 μm - Thick: Ra 6–12 μm • Hardox / Wear-resistant sheets: - Thin: Ra 5–8 μm - Thick: Ra 8–15 μm • Tool and Alloy Steels: - Thin: Ra 5–8 μm - Thick: Ra 8–14 μm

Welding: • N₂ cut → ideal, smoother edge, lower pore risk • O₂ cut → grinding recommended before welding • High Ra → can trap oxides and dirt → reduces weld quality Painting: • Higher Ra improves paint adhesion, especially for steel structures • Even Ra across the surface is important for galvanized steel Assembly Precision: • Low Ra means good part contact (flanges, frames, seats) • Important for mechanical contact surfaces and seals Grinding and Brushing: • For Ra > 10 μm, grinding may be needed before assembly or painting • LASERCUT provides subsequent machine deburring and edge rounding.

How LASERCUT minimizes deformation: Materials: • Stainless steel → sensitive to overheating • Carbon steel → sensitive to internal stress release We use an algorithm: • Part of the outline is cut • Then an internal hole is cut • Then part of the next outline → Material heats up evenly. Advantages: ✔ No local overheating ✔ Less material pulling in one direction ✔ Low risk of deformation for long parts

For small parts (e.g., < 100 × 100 mm) we use: • 1–4 micro-bridges • Width 0.3–0.8 mm • Length 1–2 mm They prevent: ✔ Part falling into the slats ✔ Movement during cutting ✔ Deformations caused by the thermal cycle Micro-joints are designed to be easily removed by the customer via grinding or deburring.

For thicknesses 10–60 mm we use: • Lower speeds (melt stabilization) • High gas pressure • Dynamic heat compensation • Adaptive auto-focus Result: ✔ Controlled heat transfer ✔ Straighter parts without warping ✔ Minimized HAZ even in Hardox and high-strength steels

Laser machines are equipped with: • High gantry rigidity • Compensation of motion axis acceleration • Real-time vibration suppression system Result: ✔ Sharper corners ✔ Straight lines without "waving" ✔ Zero contour shifts during dynamic cutting

Gas setting affects: • Melt temperature • Cut path stability • Heat removal from material We use: • Air for thin steel sheets • N₂ for stainless and parts for welding/painting • O₂ only for thick steel parts (≥ 10 mm) This optimizes: ✔ Heat flow ✔ Thermal shock ✔ Minimization of sheet deformation

For thicknesses ≤ 2 mm we use: • Lower power • Higher speeds • Smaller focus • Optimized trajectory Result: ✔ Zero or minimal deformation ✔ Very clean cut (Ra 2–4 μm) ✔ Ideal for fine and aesthetic parts

Customers often ask: "Will the part warp?" Most common causes: • Long straight cuts on one side • Thin walls • High internal stress in the sheet • Asymmetrical holes • Very narrow profiles • Thick materials cut with O₂ Good news: → EHOSS minimizes these effects using advanced cutting algorithms and machine settings.

We use advanced procedures: ✔ Preheating (optional): • Especially for Hardox, 42CrMo4, C45 ✔ Sequential cutting: • Heat is distributed evenly over the area ✔ "Pierce Cooling" function: • Short pause after piercing stabilizes the sheet ✔ High-pressure N₂: • Reduces the heat cone ✔ Optimal trajectory selection: • We start in areas with the most mass • We end at the edges to minimize material pull.

Typical problems and LASERCUT solutions: • Long straight cuts: - Risk: bending in one direction - Solution: alternating contours, sequential cutting • Narrow walls: - Risk: local overheating - Solution: higher speeds, lower power, micro-joints • Many small holes: - Risk: local stress - Solution: cut order optimization, heat distribution • Hardox / Wear-resistant sheets: - Risk: high thermal shock - Solution: preheat + N₂ cut • Tool and Alloy steels: - Risk: internal stresses - Solution: sequential cutting, controlled heat transfer • Thin sheets: - Risk: vibrations, chatter - Solution: beam stabilization, suitable sheet support.

LASERCUT maintains a large stock of metal materials to ensure: • Express production (approx. 1–48 business hours depending on part) • Low prices due to bulk purchases • Reliability in series production • Stable quality (EN 10204 certificates) We always guarantee: • At least 5–7 most common steel thicknesses (S235/S355) • Basic thicknesses of stainless and aluminum • Fast sourcing of missing materials We do not guarantee: • Large volumes of stainless > 5 mm in stock • Aluminum > 6 mm immediately • Hardox > 10 mm in stock • Tool steels > 6–8 mm in stock • Copper / brass in large quantities Stock is continuously replenished based on customer orders. You can find all materials, grades and thicknesses on the MATERIALS page.

Stock availability by thickness: • 0.5–8 mm: commonly in stock, fast production • 10–16 mm: usually available, may fluctuate • 20–60 mm: on order (typically 2–4 days)

Stock availability by thickness: • 1–5 mm: usually available, may fluctuate by surface finish • 6–10 mm: on order (2–4 days) • 12–40 mm: on order (4–6 days)

Stock availability by thickness: • 0.5–5 mm: usually available, may fluctuate by format • 6–10 mm: on order (2–4 days) • 12–40 mm: on order (6–14 days)

Stock availability by thickness: • 0.5–3 mm: usually available, may fluctuate by demand • 4–8 mm: on order (2–4 days) • 10–20 mm: on order (6–14 days)

Stock availability by thickness: • 0.5–3 mm: usually available, may fluctuate by surface finish • 4–6 mm: on order (6–14 days)

Stock availability by thickness: • 3–8 mm: usually available, may fluctuate • 10–16 mm: on order (4–6 days) • 20–40 mm: on order (10–14 days)

Stock availability by thickness: • 2–8 mm: usually available, may fluctuate • 10–16 mm: on order (6–10 days) • 20–40 mm: on order (12–18 days)

Laser creates: • Thermal zone (HAZ) • Fine micro-burrs • Sharp edges • Oxidation (during O₂ cutting) • Matte or glossy surface (depending on gas) These factors impact: • Powder adhesion • Spray uniformity • Edge coverage • Coating lifespan • Corrosion risk (especially for steel parts) LASERCUT therefore applies professional part preparation before painting.

Recommended for: steel, stainless, aluminum. Advantages: • Clean bright edge • Minimal residual heat • No oxidation or dark film • Ideal for both powder and wet paints From a painting perspective: → The best possible cutting variant.

Used for aluminum, galvanized, and thin steels. Advantages: • Economical • Slightly matte edge → good powder adhesion Disadvantages: • Possible higher Ra (3–8 μm) • Requires fine deburring before painting

Mainly used for thick steel sheets 10–60 mm. Disadvantages for painting: • Creates dark oxide layer • Oxide can peel off under paint • Lower powder adhesion • Worse edges for wet painting Recommendation: • Always remove 0.2–0.5 mm from the edge before painting • Grinding or sandblasting • Passivation recommended for demanding applications

Deburring and edge rounding: • Edge rounding R0.2–R1.5 mm • Removal of burrs • Improves paint contact with edge • Minimizes "edge thinning effect" Why it's important: • Powder paint tends to flow off sharp edges • Sharp edges are critical spots for corrosion.

Especially after O₂ oxygen cut. Results: • Removal of scale and oxides • Surface unification • Micro-roughness Ra 2–4 μm → ideal for paint • Increased corrosion resistance with proper coating system

Powder paint compatibility: • Carbon Steel: - Excellent (after edge treatment) - O₂ cut needs grinding / sandblasting • Stainless Steel: - Very good - Slight surface roughening recommended • Aluminum: - Very good - Air or N₂ cut recommended • Galvanized Steel: - Good - Watch out for outgassing at 180–200 °C (correct powder system) • Hardox / Wear-resistant sheets: - Good - Sandblasting recommended before painting • Tool and Alloy Steels: - Good - Phosphating or other suitable pre-treatment recommended

For wet painting, we recommend: • Fine grinding (grain 120–240) • Remove oxides and heat-affected layers • Smooth the edge for aesthetic effect • Laser imperfections will be more visible after wet painting Common problems we prevent: • Darkened areas after O₂ cut • Poor transitions between laser edge and surface • Weak adhesion in corners and on sharp edges.

Powder coating behaves differently than wet paint. Laser-cut edges are critical: • Powder tends to flow off sharp edges • Sharp edges absorb less paint • "Edge thinning" occurs Therefore, LASERCUT applies: • Edge rounding R0.2–R1.5 mm • Thorough deburring • Sandblasting sharp edges as needed • Expansion of contact area for paint • Controlled electrostatics (even charging of part) Result: • Thick and uniform layer even on edges • Zero blisters and peeling • Excellent mechanical coating resistance.

1️⃣ Do not design extremely sharp knives and edges: • 90° edges are the worst for paint 2️⃣ Minimize vertical "chimneys" and pockets: • Risk of dust collection and uneven spray 3️⃣ Prefer perforations with radii: • Improves paint flow, reduces sharp edge risk 4️⃣ Avoid extremely small lettering for powder coating: • Minimum font height 5–6 mm 5️⃣ Account for hanging / contact points: • Contact area will not be painted or will have reduced layer thickness.

Benefits of the integrated Laser → Deburring → Painting process: ✔ Parts do not travel between companies (edges aren't damaged) ✔ Perfect continuity of processes and technological parameters ✔ Top-tier powder coating parameters ✔ Tech space with two ovens ✔ Compatibility with parts up to approx. 1000 kg ✔ Corrosion resistance classes C2–C5 according to demand ✔ Quality assurance and measurements according to EN ISO standards.

The technology overview explains differences between main sheet metal cutting technologies to help the customer choose correctly. LASERCUT specializes in fiber laser cutting, so all comparisons are in the context of fiber lasers.

Technology – principle – typical use – precision – edge quality – HAZ: • Fiber Laser: - Principle: melting with focused beam + gas - Use: precise parts, stainless, aluminum, assembly parts, welding, CNC, thin and thick steels - Typical precision: ±0.05–0.20 mm - Edge quality: very clean, smooth - HAZ: very small • CO₂ Laser: - Principle: older type, CO₂ gas - Use: older devices, less suitable for reflective metals - Precision: ±0.10–0.30 mm - Edge quality: good, but with oxide - HAZ: small–medium • Oxyfuel: - Principle: burning steel in O₂ stream - Use: thick steel sheets, cheap thick burnouts - Precision: ±0.3–1.0 mm - Edge quality: rougher, more scale - HAZ: medium–large • Plasma: - Principle: ionized gas (plasma) melts metal - Use: medium and thick steels, lower precision demands - Precision: ±0.5–1.5 mm - Edge quality: thicker, heavy scale - HAZ: large • Waterjet: - Principle: high-pressure water + abrasive - Use: heat-sensitive materials, composites, stone, glass - Precision: ±0.05–0.20 mm - Edge quality: almost ideal - HAZ: none • Mechanical (punching, nibbling, shears): - Principle: cutting or stamping with a tool - Use: mass hole production, simple shapes - Precision: ±0.10–0.30 mm - Edge quality: "clean" cut, but cracks possible - HAZ: none

Technology – CAPEX – when it's economical – thicknesses – price per meter: • Fiber Laser: - Investment: high - Economical choice: medium to large series, precise parts, automation - Speed: very high (tens of m/min for thin sheets) - Materials: metals - Thicknesses: approx. 0.5–60+ mm - Price per m: medium, but excellent quality/speed ratio • Oxyfuel: - Investment: low - Economical choice: very thick steels, low quality demands - Speed: slower, especially for thick sheets - Thicknesses: approx. 20–300 mm - Price per m: low, but process is slow with large HAZ • Plasma: - Investment: medium - Economical choice: thick sheets, less precise structures - Speed: high for thick sheets - Thicknesses: 2–50+ mm - Price per m: low–medium • Waterjet: - Investment: very high - Economical choice: special materials, high-end parts without HAZ - Speed: slower - Thicknesses: 0.5–150+ mm - Price per m: high • Mechanical Technologies: - Investment: medium–high (by tooling) - Economical choice: mass production of identical parts - Thicknesses: typically up to 6–8 mm - Price per m: very low for large series.

Fiber Laser: • Pros: - High precision and clean edge - Speed and flexibility - Cuts almost all metals - Ideal for welding, CNC, and painting - Minimal HAZ • Cons: - Not for non-metals (plastic, stone, glass) - For extreme thicknesses (> 60–80 mm) other techs are better Oxyfuel: • Pros: - Handles extremely thick steels (100–300 mm) - Low tech investment • Cons: - Large HAZ - Rough, oxidized edge - Low precision, significant post-processing needed Plasma: • Pros: - Good for thick sheets (20–50 mm) - Fast cutting of thick steel parts • Cons: - Worse precision and edge - Larger HAZ - Grinding needed before welding/painting Waterjet: • Pros: - No thermal impact - Excellent precision and edge - Cuts almost everything • Cons: - Slower process - Significantly higher price per meter Mechanical: • Pros: - Extremely fast for series - Cheap for mass identical production - No HAZ • Cons: - Limited shapes (by tools) - Tooling costs - Deformations in thicker sheets.

Laser cutting is the optimal solution when seeking: • Precise metal parts (steel, stainless, aluminum, copper, brass) • Thicknesses approx. 0.5–60 mm • Clean edge suitable for welding, CNC, painting • Good speed / quality / price ratio • Flexibility (prototypes, small/medium series) • Capability for further processing (bending, welding, powder coating).

Laser cutting creates: • Thermal gradient around the cut • Heat-affected zone (HAZ) • Kerf (cut width) • Cutting irregularities (Ra 2–12 μm by material/gas) • Potential internal stresses These factors can affect: • Part clamping in jaws • Turning precision • Shape stability during milling • Resulting tolerance (e.g., H7–H11) • Tool life LASERCUT therefore has defined rules for manufacturing laser parts intended for subsequent CNC machining.

Nitrogen cutting (N₂) — best for CNC. Suitable for: • Carbon steel • Stainless steel • Aluminum • Tool steels Advantages: • No oxidation • Smooth, bright edge • Minimal HAZ • Excellent compatibility for lathe and mill Recommendation: • For parts to be further machined via CNC → prefer N₂ cut.

Air cutting (Air) — good, but material-dependent. Used for: • Aluminum • Galvanized • Thin steels Advantages: • Economical • Low oxidation Disadvantages: • For steel, surface might be slightly rougher • For tight tolerances, edge grinding is recommended Recommendation: • For CNC tolerances ≤ ±0.05 mm, we recommend preliminary edge alignment/grinding.

Oxygen cutting (O₂) — unsuitable for precise CNC parts. Advantages: • Fast for thick steels • Good penetration for thick materials Disadvantages for CNC: • Formation of thick oxide layer • Reduces cut quality • Damages lathe bits • Increases mill wear Recommendation: • O₂ cut is NOT suitable for parts intended for: - precise holes, - fitted surfaces, - threads, - bearing seats, - sealing surfaces. • If O₂ must be used: - remove 0.5–1.0 mm of material before CNC machining.

Mechanical edge removal: • Grinding (grain 80–180) • Deburring sharp edges • Fine surface leveling in clamping area Why: • Reduces risk of chatter during clamping • Improves contact surface in jaws or clamping fixtures.

Especially for: • S355 in thicknesses 15–40 mm • Hardox • C45 / 42CrMo4 • Tool steels Recommended allowance before precise CNC: • 0.5–1.5 mm depending on thickness and material type Reason: • Laser creates a microstructure on the edge that isn't ideal for precise CNC finishing.

For parts with long planes: • Climb milling (light pass) is recommended • For tool steels, a short thermal cycle 150–200 °C can help Goal: • Prevent bending and deformation during CNC operation.

Surface Ra after laser → CNC impact: • Ra 2–4 μm (N₂ cut): - Ideal - Usually no extra treatment needed for rougher CNC phases • Ra 5–8 μm (Air cut): - Good - Fine alignment recommended before final machining • Ra 8–12 μm (O₂ cut): - Non-ideal - Mandatory edge grinding before precise CNC For critical tolerances (H7 etc.): • Recommended to level surface "just in case", even with N₂.

Holes intended for precise turning / boring: • Laser hole should be designed 1–2 mm smaller • Final dimension is finished on CNC Parts with precise seats: • Leave 0.5–2 mm allowance depending on sheet thickness Thick parts (20–60 mm): • Ensure minimum 1–2 mm CNC reserve for critical contact surfaces.

Advantages of LASERCUT + CNC combination: ✔ Minimal deformation (advanced cutting algorithms) ✔ Controlled thermal shocks ✔ N₂ cut = cleanest edge for lathe and mill ✔ Minimized HAZ with powerful fiber laser ✔ Option for pre-grinding and leveling at LASERCUT ✔ Dimensional certainty of blank before CNC ✔ Fast availability of blanks in required formats ✔ High repeatability for series production.

Cutting ranges for structural steels according to EN 10025-2: Basic parameters: • Material grades: S235JR, S275JR, S355J2+N • Minimum thickness: 0.5 mm • Operating range: 0.5–40 mm • Technical maximum: 50–60 mm Max part size: • approx. 1950 × 3950 mm (depending on sheet format and machine)

Laser creates heat-affected zones (HAZ), micro-burrs, and oxidation (O₂ cutting) which impact powder adhesion and coating life. LASERCUT applies professional part preparation before painting.

• Nitrogen (N₂): Best choice. Clean edge, no oxidation. Ideal for both powder and wet paint. • Air: Good for powder. Matte edge improves adhesion, requires fine deburring. • Oxygen (O₂): Requires treatment. Dark oxide layer can peel off. Grinding/blasting required (0.2–0.5 mm).

• Radius R0.2–R1.5 mm • Burr removal • Improves paint contact and minimizes the 'edge thinning effect'. ➡ Note: Powder coating tends to flow off sharp edges.

Ideal for steel, especially after oxygen cutting. Results: • Scale removal and surface unification • Micro-roughness Ra 2–4 μm (ideal for paint) • Significantly increased corrosion resistance.

• Carbon Steel: Excellent (requires edge grinding) • Stainless Steel: Very good (roughening recommended) • Aluminum: Very good (best Air/N₂ cut) • Galvanized: Good (watch for outgassing at 180–200 °C) • Hardox: Good (sandblasting recommended)

For wet coating (PU, EP): • Recommended fine grinding (grain 120–240) • Must remove oxides and smooth the edge for aesthetic effect • Caution: Laser irregularities are highlighted after painting.

Powder behaves differently – it tends to flow off edges (edge thinning). LASERCUT solves this via: ✔ Edge rounding and deburring ✔ Sandblasting sharp edges ✔ Controlled electrostatics for even charging Result: Thick uniform layer even on edges and zero blisters.

1. Avoid 90° sharp edges (worst for paint). 2. Minimize pockets where dust can collect. 3. Prefer perforations with radii. 4. Min font height for powder coating: 5–6 mm. 5. Account for hanging points (unpainted contact area).

✔ No transport = no edge damage ✔ Process continuity: Laser → Deburring → Coating ✔ Handling parts up to 1000 kg ✔ Corrosion classes C2–C5 ✔ Quality assurance per EN ISO standards.

• **Fiber Laser:** Best balance of precision (±0.05–0.20 mm) and edge quality. Minimal Heat Affected Zone (HAZ). • **CO₂ Laser:** Older tech, less suitable for reflective metals, precision ±0.10–0.30 mm. • **Oxyfuel:** For extreme thicknesses, low precision (±0.3–1.0 mm) and rough edge with large HAZ. • **Plasma:** Fast for thick materials but lower precision (±0.5–1.5 mm) and high heat impact. • **Waterjet:** Ideal edge with zero thermal impact, suitable for composites and stone.

Fiber laser is the most economical choice for medium to large series of precise parts (0.5–60 mm). It excels in extreme speed on thin sheets (tens of m/min). Oxyfuel and Plasma offer lower price per meter for very thick materials but require costly secondary edge processing. Waterjet is high-end but slow and expensive (high OPEX).

Fiber Laser: ✔ Pros: High precision, clean oxide-free edge, ideal for welding and coating. ✖ Cons: Not suitable for non-metallic materials. Oxyfuel / Plasma: ✔ Pros: Handles extreme thicknesses (up to 300 mm), low cost. ✖ Cons: Significant post-processing needed, high thermal distortion. Waterjet: ✔ Pros: No thermal impact on material. ✖ Cons: Significantly higher price per meter cut.

Laser cutting is the optimal solution when you require: • Precise metal parts (steel, stainless, aluminum, copper, brass). • Clean edge ready for immediate welding, CNC, or coating. • Flexibility for both prototypes and large series. • Material thicknesses in the 0.5–60 mm range.

Laser cutting creates a thermal gradient, HAZ, and kerf width. These factors can affect milling stability, clamping precision, and the tool life of your CNC bits. LASERCUT manufactures parts following strict rules to eliminate negative impacts on your downstream CNC operations.

• **Nitrogen (N₂):** Best choice. Smooth, bright edge, no oxidation, and minimal HAZ. Ideal for stainless, aluminum, and precision CNC parts. • **Air:** Economical, low oxidation. For tight tolerances (≤ ±0.05 mm), edge grinding is recommended. • **Oxygen (O₂):** Unsuitable for precision CNC. Forms a thick oxide layer that damages lathe bits and mills. If unavoidable, we recommend a 0.5–1.0 mm machining allowance.

Mechanical edge removal: Grinding (grain 80–180) reduces the risk of chatter during clamping. Allowances for thick plates: For materials like S355 (15–40 mm) or Hardox, we recommend a 0.5–1.5 mm allowance. Stress relief: For long parts, we recommend a light milling pass to stabilize the shape.

•Ra 2–4 μm (N₂ cut):Ideal, usually no treatment needed. •Ra 5–8 μm (Air cut): Good, fine surface leveling recommended. • a 8–12 μm (O₂ cut): Non-ideal, mandatory grinding before CNC. For critical tolerances (H7 and tighter), surface leveling is always recommended.

•Precision holes: Design laser holes 1–2 mm smaller (to be finished by CNC boring). •Precision seats: Leave a 0.5–2 mm allowance based on plate thickness. •Thick parts (20–60 mm): Ensure a minimum 1–2 mm CNC reserve on cut surfaces.

✔ Minimal distortion due to advanced thermal management. ✔ N₂ cutting as standard for the cleanest possible edge. ✔ Minimized HAZ thanks to 20 kW fiber technology. ✔ In-house machine grinding and surface leveling available at EHOSS.

Grades: S235JR, S275JR, S355J2+N Thickness range: 0.5 – 40 mm (Max 60 mm) Max part size: 1950 × 3950 mm Dimensional Tolerance: • 0.5–3 mm: ±0.10 mm • 4–8 mm: ±0.15 mm • 10–15 mm: ±0.20 mm • 20–60 mm: ±0.30–0.50 mm Minimum hole (1 × thickness rule): • 10 mm thickness → Min. 10 mm hole • 20 mm thickness → Min. 20 mm hole Gas impact: N₂ (clean edge), O₂ (oxidized dark edge). View material details →

Materials: AISI 304, 316L, Duplex 2205 Operating range: 0.5 – 20 mm (Max 40 mm) Precision details: • Typical tolerance: ±0.05 – 0.20 mm • Kerf width: 0.08 – 0.60 mm • Taper: 0.02 – 0.70 mm Duplex Note: Higher cutting resistance may increase hole ovality by 20–30% and expand the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ). View material details →

Alloys: EN AW-5083, 5754, 6082 T6 Max size: 1950 × 3950 mm Cutting Specifics: • Higher tolerance due to high thermal conductivity. • Minimum hole: 1.2 × thickness rule. • Cutting gas: N₂ provides the cleanest bright edge. View material details →

Grades: Cu-ETP, CuZn37 (Brass), Bronze CuSn8 Range: 0.8 – 16 mm (Max 20 mm) Max sheet size: 950 × 1950 mm Tolerances: Due to extreme thermal conductivity of copper, dimensional tolerances are wider (±0.06 – 0.60 mm). Minimum hole: 1.3 × thickness rule. View material details →

Material: DX51 / DX52 / DX53 / S250–S350 GD Operating range: 0.5 – 6 mm Technical Note: • Zinc layer evaporates near the cut (grey edge tint). • Recommended gas: N₂ for a perfectly clean edge. View material details →

Materials: Hardox 400-600, Raex, Quard Operating range: 3 – 20 mm (Max 40 mm) Hole Geometry: Hardox requires larger hole diameters due to taper formation. • 10 mm thickness → Recommended 30 mm hole. View material details →

Materials: C45, 42CrMo4, 16MnCr5, Tool Steel D2 (1.2379) Operating range: 2 – 20 mm (Max 40 mm) Caution: High carbon and carbide content makes melting difficult. Micro-cracks may occur over 20 mm thickness. Nitrogen (N₂) cutting is exclusively recommended. View material details →